PrefaceThe most effective method to solve stenosis of esophagus accompanying difficulty in eating caused by benign or malign esophageal diseases, is resecting the lesion through surgical operation, and reconstruction the esophagus. But due to the segmental character of esophageal blood supply, the anastomosis of the superior and inferior part of the esophagus after partly insection is almost impossible, so we need to find suitable replacement. Nowadays, the normal clinical method is to resecting the entire lesion and the lower normal esophagus, then putting the celiac organs such as stomach, colon jejunum in the thoracic cavity, or even anastomosis at the cervix in order to reconstruction the continuity of esophagus. This surgical procedure is complicated , do much trauma to the patients, also due to the celiac organs shift to thoracic cavity, the original respirative, circulative and digestive function are changed, so there are many negative reaction after operation, the quality of patients life is not good. The best solution is replacement of in situ esophagus. So the researcher make efforts to find the replacements of esophagus ( RE) which coincide physiological function and have less trauma, safe and easy to operate. Using self -tissue to replace esophagus is popular in recent years. Investigators get much progress in using skin flap, musculo – cutaneous flap and in-tercostals muscular flap, but each of them had some defects. After theclinical success of using self – lung tissue flap to reconstruct trachea, we try to applying self – pulmonary tissue flap with internal alloy stent (AS) to reconstruct esophagus, and we explore its feasibility, possible problems, and the solution via animal experiments.Experimental material1. experimant animals; adult hybrid dog, weigh 12 -25 kg, female or male.2. AS; diameter 2. 0 – 2. 5 cm, length 6 – 8cm, produced by Zhili medical apparatus and instruments company, Jiangshu, Chang-zhou.3. Thoracic Surgery instrument, electric scalpel, anesthesia machine anesthesia equipment.4. Drugs; penicillin, introlipid, Potassium Chloride, sodium thi-opental, Ketamine, Ethrane.5. X -ray machine.6. Materials for determination the pathological specimen using light microscope after operation.- light microscope, microtome, 10% Formaldehyde, 75% -100% alcohol, Xylene, paraffin, haematine, eosin, etc.7. lectron micrograph detection.- glutaral, transmission electron microscope.Experimental MethodTwelve adult dogs weighed about 20 kg were used for this experiment. We use pulmonary tissue flap (PTF) with internal AS to repairthe lateral wall of esophagus to reconstruct the esophagus.1. animals were fasted 12 hours before operation, sodium thiopen-tal 30mg/kg intraperitoneal injection anesthesia, extra vein passage creation, mono – cavity trachea! cannula, Ketamine and Ethrane combined anesthesia, use breathing machine to maintain mechanical ventilation, tidal volume at 320 – 380 ml .2. Experimental animals lie on left lateral position. A right thora-cotomy was performed through the fifth intercostals space. Middle lo-bar bronchus of right lung was ligated and incised, perform the operation. A 4cm long and 1/2 -2/3 circled esophageal wall, full thickness defect was created. Put the AS into the esophagus then the defect was patched by PTF, and the anastomoses was completed with two layers suture between the prosthesis and esophageal wall. Gastrostomy was performed.3. Antibiotics were used intravenously or subcutaneously for seven days. Oral feeding was not given in first seven days after operation. The dogs were fed by infusion tube, 80cal/kg and 60ml water/kg per day. Three days later, nutritious milk was given by gatsrostomy. In next seven days liquid food was started orally, and semisohd food gradually.4. Per dog was kill at the following times; 2,4,6,8,12 weeks after the reconstructive operation. The contrast medium was injected through the endoesophageal tube with the dog under general anesthesia. Neoesophageal tiss
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