Motor and its control play important role in nationality economy. With the progress of modern science and technology, especially with the development of electric and electronic and the progress of application and the theory of automatic control, the application of motor in practice has come into the stage of accurate control velocity, displacement and torque so that the driven mechanical motion can meet the anticipate requirement from the past stage of simple start-stop control that the only purpose was to provide power. Especially the large number of control motors used in industry automation, office automation and home automation are nearly all controlled by electric and electronic devices. Under this situation the last motion control and electrical gearing have developed into the new stage of motion control.In this thesis, based on the sufficient analysis of many kinds of motion controllers, a stand-alone three-axis stepper motion control system is designed. It is mainly composed of Intel 89C52 single-chip computer. A model of master and slave control, which using PC based on Windows to storage data and compute and using the least system of single-chip to realize linkage and real time control of three-coordinate, is put forward . This thesis illustrates that the motion is used in the noncontact measurement system of spherical circular hole series. The designing principle and method of software and hardware for the single-chip control system are mainly introduced in this thesis. The communication of PC and single-chip computeris achieved. The visual interface which includes image collection, direction and angle is programmed by VC++. At end of thesis the improved scheme “the precise control of rotation system based on multi-axis stepper motion control card”is put forward through error analysis. And a kind of new high speed control algorithm for stepper movement is also put forward.The motion control system can work in both position and velocity mode, and deceleration functions can be obtained under user’s control. The controller not only has the stepper motion control functions but also has opto-isolate limit, reset switches and interruption inputs of accident signals. This motion controller uses industry standard RS-232 communication.The motion controller has the following characters:1. Without using the high-speed impulse generator, the motion controller adopts the inner clock to produce the drive impulse. The function is achieved by software so that reduces the cost;2. In the hardware designing, the whole scheme is firstly designed. A lot of standard and module circuits are used in the design. Thereby the success rate and flexibility are greatly improved;3. The circuits and chips which are powerful, integrated, general and bought conveniently;4. The hardware design is simplified. The functions which can be achieved by software aren’t achieved by hardware.The fast development of spaceflight and aviation technology leads to rigorous precision requirement of the machining position of circular hole on the spherical work-piece. Accordingly, it requires much higher detecting precision on the position of spherical circular hole, and adopting noncontact measuring methods when detecting.The measurement system of spherical circular hole series has been finished, and its feasibility of the hardware and software has been tested through practical debug. The motion controller can be widely used in many kinds of integrative equipments which need precise orientation and low cost.
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